Screen · Berkshire Criteria

Buffett Quality Screen

Buffett's "wonderful business" criteria, quantified into six dimensions: earnings record (20), ROE quality (25 — Fortune's double standard), low leverage (15), pricing power (15), business stability (15) and capital efficiency (10), for a 0–100 total. The entry gate is the first of Berkshire's acquisition criteria — at least $50M average pre-tax earnings over the last three fiscal years (banks and insurers excluded, as leverage is their business model; investment trusts and closed-end funds excluded, as they are portfolios rather than operating companies). Recomputed periodically from each company's last ten fiscal years; cross-listings merged by canonical ticker. Hover the score for the six-dimension breakdown; companies we cover link to their report. Filtered by market "US", profit streak "Full 10 yr", Has report: 245 match(clear filters) · page 1 of 3.

# Ticker Mkt Cap Score 10Y ROE Profit Streak Net Debt/Eq Gross Margin Report FY
1 ResMed Inc RMD · US $31B
99/100 Elite
20.4%low 15.3% 10 yr+ Net cash 58% ResMed: A Long-Term Owner's PerspectiveMay 28, 2026 · Watch FY2025
2 Cadence Design Systems Inc CDNS · US $94B
97/100 Elite
27.5%low 20.3% 10 yr+ Net cash 88% Cadence Design Systems: A Deep Value Investing AnalysisMay 21, 2026 · Watch FY2025
3 Adobe Systems Incorporated ADBE · US $100B
96/100 Elite
33.0%low 15.7% 10 yr+ 0.0× 87% Adobe Investment Research from a Long-Term Business Owner's PerspectiveMay 21, 2026 · Cautious Buy FY2025
4 Monster Beverage Corp MNST · US $94B
96/100 Elite
23.0%low 17.0% 10 yr+ Net cash 58% Deep Value Investment Analysis of Monster Beverage CorporationMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2025
5 F5 Networks Inc FFIV · US $23B
96/100 Elite
21.7%low 13.0% 10 yr+ Net cash 82% F5 Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 29, 2026 · Watch FY2025
6 Visa Inc. Class A V · US $684B
95/100 Elite
35.7%low 18.2% 10 yr+ 0.1× 81% Visa Inc. Long-Term Business Owner ResearchMay 25, 2026 · Watch FY2025
7 Garmin Ltd GRMN · US $57B
95/100 Elite
17.6%low 14.9% 10 yr+ Net cash 58% Garmin Ltd. Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 27, 2026 · Watch FY2025
8 Snap-On Inc SNA · US $21B
95/100 Elite
19.5%low 16.4% 10 yr+ Net cash 50% Snap-on Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 30, 2026 · Watch FY2025
9 Jack Henry & Associates Inc JKHY · US $11B
95/100 Elite
21.7%low 15.4% 10 yr+ Net cash 42% Jack Henry & Associates Deep Value Investment AnalysisMay 31, 2026 · Watch FY2025
10 Automatic Data Processing Inc ADP · US $106B
94/100 Elite
52.2%low 42.5% 10 yr+ 0.2× 47% ADP Long-Term Owner-Oriented Value AnalysisMay 21, 2026 · Watch FY2026
11 Intuit Inc INTU · US $86B
94/100 Elite
33.7%low 12.6% 10 yr+ 0.1× 82% Intuit Inc. Deep Value AnalysisMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2025
12 Fastenal Company FAST · US $55B
94/100 Elite
31.0%low 25.8% 10 yr+ 0.0× 47% Fastenal Company: An In-Depth Value StudyMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2025
13 KLA Corporation KLAC · US $239B
93/100 Elite
55.9%low 44.2% 10 yr+ 0.2× 61% KLA Corporation: A Deep Value Investment AnalysisMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2026
14 Accenture plc ACN · US $102B
93/100 Elite
33.4%low 24.6% 10 yr+ Net cash 31% Accenture Research from a Long-Term Owner's PerspectiveMay 23, 2026 · Cautious Buy FY2025
15 Infosys Ltd ADR INFY · US $51B
93/100 Elite
27.5%low 20.1% 10 yr+ Net cash 33% Infosys: In-Depth Value Investing ResearchMay 20, 2026 · Watch FY2026
16 Corpay Inc CPAY · US $25B
93/100 Elite
26.1%low 14.7% 10 yr+ 0.3× 78% Corpay: A Value Investing Deep DiveMay 29, 2026 · Watch FY2025
17 ASML Holding NV ADR ASML · US $626B
92/100 Elite
36.5%low 15.9% 10 yr+ Net cash 49% ASML Holding NV: A Long-Term Business Owner's PerspectiveMay 20, 2026 · Watch FY2025
18 Applied Materials Inc AMAT · US $403B
92/100 Elite
38.9%low 23.8% 10 yr+ Net cash 46% Applied Materials Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 21, 2026 · Watch FY2025
19 NetEase Inc NTES · US $85B
92/100 Elite
21.6%low 13.4% 10 yr+ Net cash 57% NetEase, Inc. Deep-Dive ResearchJun 15, 2026 · Hold FY2025
20 Nike Inc NKE · US $62B
92/100 Elite
33.5%low 19.7% 10 yr+ 0.1× 44% NIKE In-Depth Value Investing AnalysisMay 26, 2026 · Watch FY2026
21 IDEXX Laboratories Inc IDXX · US $44B
92/100 Elite
58.9%low 55.7% 10 yr+ 0.6× 58% In-Depth Value Research on IDEXX LaboratoriesMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2025
22 Lululemon Athletica Inc. LULU · US $13B
92/100 Elite
30.2%low 16.2% 10 yr+ Net cash 56% Lululemon Athletica Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 30, 2026 · Watch FY2026
23 Brown-Forman Corporation BF-B · US $13B
92/100 Elite
35.3%low 17.8% 10 yr+ 0.5× 62% Brown-Forman Deep Value AnalysisMay 31, 2026 · Watch FY2026
24 FactSet Research Systems Inc FDS · US $9.4B
92/100 Elite
40.4%low 27.3% 10 yr+ 0.6× 53% FactSet Research Systems Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 31, 2026 · Cautious Buy FY2025
25 Microsoft Corporation MSFT · US $3.5T
91/100 Elite
34.6%low 20.0% 10 yr+ 0.1× 68% Microsoft: Azure Demand Is Real and the Moat Is Intact, but 393 USD Already Prices a Clean Conversion of the 190 Billion USD Capex WaveJul 29, 2026 · Hold FY2026
26 Edwards Lifesciences Corp EW · US $50B
91/100 Elite
23.4%low 10.4% 10 yr+ Net cash 76% Edwards Lifesciences In-Depth Value ResearchMay 27, 2026 · Watch FY2025
27 Paychex Inc PAYX · US $42B
91/100 Elite
42.6%low 37.2% 10 yr+ 0.9× 71% Paychex Investment Research ReportMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2026
28 Copart Inc CPRT · US $27B
91/100 Elite
26.4%low 16.9% 10 yr+ Net cash 45% Copart Deep Value Investment AnalysisMay 21, 2026 · Watch FY2025
29 Smith AO Corporation AOS · US $8.2B
91/100 Elite
23.4%low 13.5% 10 yr+ Net cash 39% A. O. Smith Water Heaters & Water Treatment Deep DiveMay 23, 2026 · Watch FY2025
30 Lam Research Corp LRCX · US $367B
90/100 Elite
48.3%low 24.3% 10 yr+ Net cash 47% Lam Research from a Long-Term Business Owner's PerspectiveMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2026
31 Cintas Corporation CTAS · US $82B
90/100 Elite
32.2%low 20.9% 10 yr+ 0.5× 47% Cintas Corporation Long-Term Owner's Perspective ResearchMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2026
32 Electronic Arts Inc EA · US $53B
90/100 Elite
18.6%low 10.3% 10 yr+ Net cash 76% Electronic Arts: A Value-Investing Deep DiveMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2026
33 Mettler-Toledo International Inc MTD · US $29B
90/100 Elite
60.0%low 60.0% 10 yr+ 57% Mettler-Toledo International Inc.: A Value Investing Deep DiveMay 29, 2026 · Watch FY2025
34 American Express Company AXP · US $227B
89/100 Elite
27.8%low 13.6% 10 yr+ 0.3× 87% American Express Closed-Loop Payments Platform ResearchMay 23, 2026 · Watch FY2025
35 Monolithic Power Systems Inc MPWR · US $70B
89/100 Elite
21.3%low 12.2% 10 yr+ Net cash 56% Monolithic Power Systems Deep Value Investment AnalysisMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2025
36 Rollins Inc ROL · US $18B
89/100 Elite
31.5%low 24.9% 10 yr+ 0.7× 51% Rollins Deep Value Investment Research ReportMay 29, 2026 · Watch FY2025
37 NVR Inc NVR · US $16B
89/100 Elite
37.8%low 29.0% 10 yr+ Net cash 23% NVR Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 30, 2026 · Watch FY2025
38 Graco Inc GGG · US $13B
89/100 Elite
25.8%low 7.1% 10 yr+ Net cash 52% Graco Inc.: A Premium Fluid-Handling Compounder Priced for a Recovery Not Yet VisibleJun 21, 2026 · Hold FY2025
39 Arista Networks ANET · US $227B
88/100 Elite
24.1%low 15.3% 10 yr+ Net cash 64% Arista Networks: A Long-Term Study of the Data Center Switching LeaderMay 23, 2026 · Watch FY2025
40 O’Reilly Automotive Inc ORLY · US $73B
88/100 Elite
48.1%low 31.0% 10 yr+ 52% O'Reilly Automotive: A Long-Term Business Owner's Research ReportMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2025
41 NetApp Inc NTAP · US $35B
88/100 Elite
50.2%low 3.7% 10 yr+ Net cash 67% NetApp: A Deep-Value StudyMay 28, 2026 · Watch FY2026
42 Dover Corporation DOV · US $28B
88/100 Elite
22.1%low 13.4% 10 yr+ 0.3× 37% Dover Corporation Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 28, 2026 · Watch FY2025
43 T. Rowe Price Group Inc TROW · US $24B
88/100 Elite
25.0%low 17.6% 10 yr+ Net cash 66% T. Rowe Price Group: A Deep-Dive Value Investing Research ReportMay 29, 2026 · Cautious Buy FY2025
44 Nordson Corporation NDSN · US $17B
88/100 Elite
21.3%low 14.2% 10 yr+ 0.7× 55% Nordson Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 30, 2026 · Watch FY2025
45 Cisco Systems Inc CSCO · US $457B
87/100 Elite
22.4%low 0.3% 10 yr+ 0.3× 63% Cisco Systems: A Value-Investing Deep DiveMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2025
46 Costco Wholesale Corp COST · US $422B
87/100 Elite
25.4%low 19.5% 10 yr+ Net cash 13% Costco: A Deep-Dive Value Investing AnalysisMay 21, 2026 · Watch FY2025
47 Comfort Systems USA Inc FIX · US $61B
87/100 Elite
23.4%low 13.2% 10 yr+ Net cash 20% Comfort Systems USA: A Deep Value Investment AnalysisMay 26, 2026 · Watch FY2025
48 Williams-Sonoma Inc WSM · US $27B
87/100 Elite
41.4%low 21.6% 10 yr+ 0.2× 41% Williams-Sonoma: In-Depth Value Research ReportMay 29, 2026 · Watch FY2026
49 Church & Dwight Company Inc CHD · US $23B
87/100 Elite
21.8%low 11.9% 10 yr+ 0.4× 45% Church & Dwight Long-Term Value Investment AnalysisMay 24, 2026 · Watch FY2025
50 Allegion PLC ALLE · US $13B
87/100 Elite
49.2%low 31.1% 10 yr+ 0.9× 43% Allegion Access Control and Electronic Security Deep DiveMay 23, 2026 · Watch FY2025
51 Mastercard Inc MA · US $502B
86/100 Elite
60.0%low 60.0% 10 yr+ 1.0× 77% Mastercard Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 25, 2026 · Watch FY2025
52 MSCI Inc MSCI · US $42B
86/100 Elite
44.0%low 30.5% 10 yr+ 81% MSCI Investment Research ReportMay 27, 2026 · Watch FY2025
53 Alphabet Inc Class C GOOG · US $4.4T
85/100 Elite
21.7%low 8.3% 10 yr+ Net cash 57% Alphabet: Search and Cloud Are Both Accelerating, but a 200 Billion Dollar Build Has Turned Free Cash Flow Negative and 333.68 Dollars Already Prices In the Base CaseJul 31, 2026 · Hold FY2025
54 WW Grainger Inc GWW · US $65B
85/100 Elite
47.0%low 33.7% 10 yr+ 0.7× 38% W.W. Grainger Deep Value Investment AnalysisMay 27, 2026 · Watch FY2025
55 Rockwell Automation Inc ROK · US $53B
85/100 Elite
40.2%low 23.8% 10 yr+ 0.9× 45% Rockwell Automation: An In-Depth Value Investing AnalysisMay 27, 2026 · Watch FY2025
56 AutoZone Inc AZO · US $49B
85/100 Elite
54.2%low 42.0% 10 yr+ 53% AutoZone: Deep Research on Auto Aftermarket RetailMay 23, 2026 · Watch FY2025
57 Ameriprise Financial Inc AMP · US $48B
85/100 Elite
42.8%low 20.9% 10 yr+ Net cash 33% Ameriprise Financial Wealth Management Deep-DiveMay 23, 2026 · Watch FY2025
58 Veeva Systems Inc Class A VEEV · US $33B
85/100 Elite
14.6%low 11.3% 10 yr+ Net cash 72% Veeva Systems: A Deep Value Investing StudyMay 28, 2026 · Watch FY2026
59 Align Technology Inc ALGN · US $12B
85/100 Elite
22.4%low 10.0% 10 yr+ Net cash 72% Align Technology: Digital Orthodontics Platform StudyMay 23, 2026 · Watch FY2025
60 Meta Platforms Inc. META · US $1.4T
84/100 Elite
24.3%low 17.3% 10 yr+ 0.0× 82% Meta Platforms: Revenue Grew 28% While Free Cash Flow Fell to 784 Million Dollars, and 556.71 Dollars Buys the Base Case With No Margin of SafetyAug 1, 2026 · Hold FY2025
61 UnitedHealth Group Incorporated UNH · US $376B
84/100 Elite
21.4%low 12.8% 10 yr+ 0.5× 23% UnitedHealth Group (UNH): A Deep-Dive Value Investing StudyMay 25, 2026 · Watch FY2025
62 Procter & Gamble Company PG · US $335B
84/100 Elite
26.6%low 8.3% 10 yr+ 0.4× 50% P&G Deep-Dive Value Research ReportMay 25, 2026 · Watch FY2026
63 PepsiCo Inc PEP · US $191B
84/100 Elite
50.5%low 40.4% 10 yr+ 2.0× 54% PepsiCo: A Long-Term Owner's Perspective Investment StudyMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2025
64 GlaxoSmithKline PLC ADR GSK · US $103B
84/100 Elite
34.6%low 18.4% 10 yr+ 0.9× 68% GSK plc: Rebuilt Biopharma, Racing the Patent CliffJun 27, 2026 · Hold FY2025
65 Trane Technologies plc TT · US $100B
84/100 Elite
24.0%low 13.3% 10 yr+ 0.3× 32% Trane Technologies: A Long-Term Owner's ViewMay 26, 2026 · Watch FY2025
66 Colgate-Palmolive Company CL · US $73B
84/100 Elite
60.0%low 60.0% 10 yr+ 19.9× 59% Colgate-Palmolive: A Long-Term Value Investing AnalysisMay 24, 2026 · Watch FY2025
67 PayPal Holdings Inc PYPL · US $49B
84/100 Elite
16.7%low 9.5% 10 yr+ Net cash 53% PayPal Holdings: A Deep-Dive Investment StudyMay 22, 2026 · Cautious Buy FY2025
68 Hershey Co HSY · US $35B
84/100 Elite
51.2%low 19.0% 10 yr+ 1.0× 44% The Hershey Company: A Deep-Dive Value Investing StudyMay 27, 2026 · Watch FY2025
69 Zoetis Inc ZTS · US $32B
84/100 Elite
51.4%low 43.5% 10 yr+ 2.2× 67% Zoetis Long-Term Business Owner Value AnalysisMay 28, 2026 · Cautious Buy FY2025
70 Texas Pacific Land Corporation TPL · US $28B
84/100 Elite
48.7%low 33.0% 10 yr+ Net cash 93% Texas Pacific Land: A Deep Value Investment StudyMay 28, 2026 · Watch FY2025
71 Hubbell Inc HUBB · US $25B
84/100 Elite
20.3%low 14.9% 10 yr+ 0.5× 31% In-Depth Value Analysis of Hubbell IncorporatedMay 29, 2026 · Watch FY2025
72 Allison Transmission Holdings Inc ALSN · US $9.6B
84/100 Elite
49.2%low 19.9% 10 yr+ 0.8× 49% Allison Transmission: A Reassessment During the Integration PhaseMay 28, 2026 · Hold FY2025
73 Apple Inc. AAPL · US $4.5T
83/100 Elite
54.7%low 35.6% 10 yr+ 0.8× 41% Apple Inc.: Strip Out the Tariff Refunds and the 50.1% Margin Becomes 48.1%, While 308.91 Dollars Earns Less Than the Ten-Year TreasuryAug 1, 2026 · Hold FY2025
74 Amphenol Corporation APH · US $198B
83/100 Elite
24.6%low 16.1% 10 yr+ 0.3× 33% Amphenol Long-Term Owner Perspective ResearchJun 3, 2026 · Watch FY2025
75 Intuitive Surgical Inc ISRG · US $127B
83/100 Elite
14.1%low 10.9% 10 yr+ Net cash 68% Intuitive Surgical: A Long-Term Business Owner's Research ReportMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2025
76 Stryker Corporation SYK · US $125B
83/100 Elite
16.0%low 10.2% 10 yr+ 0.5× 62% Stryker In-Depth Value Investment ResearchMay 25, 2026 · Watch FY2025
77 Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc REGN · US $79B
83/100 Elite
22.5%low 14.4% 10 yr+ Net cash 89% Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Value Analysis from a Long-Term Business Owner's PerspectiveMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2025
78 Agilent Technologies Inc A · US $39B
83/100 Elite
17.8%low 6.9% 10 yr+ 0.2× 53% Agilent Technologies: A Study from a Long-Term Business Owner's PerspectiveMay 21, 2026 · Watch FY2025
79 PPG Industries Inc PPG · US $25B
83/100 Elite
20.9%low 15.6% 10 yr+ 41% PPG Industries: A Long-Term Owner-Perspective Investment AnalysisMay 29, 2026 · Watch FY2025
80 Expeditors International of Washington, Inc. EXPD · US $22B
83/100 Elite
31.9%low 23.4% 10 yr+ Net cash 13% Expeditors International Deep-Dive Value ResearchMay 29, 2026 · Watch FY2025
81 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing TSM · US $2.1T
82/100 Elite
26.3%low 21.8% 10 yr+ Net cash 53% TSMC: Earnings Have Outrun the Share Price to a 28.1x Trailing Multiple, but a Limit-Up Close at NT$2,425 Leaves Only a Limited Margin of SafetyJul 31, 2026 · Hold FY2025
82 Johnson & Johnson JNJ · US $618B
82/100 Elite
25.5%low 2.2% 10 yr+ 0.3× 69% Johnson & Johnson Deep Value Analysis: A Good Company Is Not CheapMay 25, 2026 · Watch FY2025
83 Texas Instruments Incorporated TXN · US $252B
82/100 Elite
46.2%low 28.4% 10 yr+ 0.6× 63% Texas Instruments Analog and Embedded Processors ResearchMay 23, 2026 · Watch FY2025
84 Fortinet Inc FTNT · US $119B
82/100 Elite
38.0%low 3.8% 10 yr+ Net cash 77% Fortinet: An Investment Analysis Through a Long-Term Business Owner's LensMay 22, 2026 · Watch FY2025
85 IDEX Corporation IEX · US $17B
82/100 Elite
16.7%low 12.0% 10 yr+ 0.3× 48% IDEX Corporation Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 30, 2026 · Watch FY2025
86 RPM International Inc RPM · US $14B
82/100 Elite
22.0%low 12.7% 10 yr+ 0.8× 40% RPM International Inc.Jul 26, 2026 · Hold FY2026
87 Deckers Outdoor Corporation DECK · US $13B
82/100 Elite
26.3%low 0.6% 10 yr+ Net cash 53% Deckers In-Depth Value Investment ResearchMay 30, 2026 · Cautious Buy FY2026
88 NVIDIA Corporation NVDA · US $4.9T
81/100 Elite
39.9%low 19.8% 10 yr+ Net cash 64% NVIDIA: Demand Has Broadened Beyond the Hyperscalers, but Its Funding Base Has Not, and 197 USD Already Prices Continued ExcellenceJul 29, 2026 · Hold FY2026
89 Moodys Corporation MCO · US $83B
81/100 Elite
57.3%low 46.2% 10 yr+ 1.2× 68% Moody's from a Long-Term Owner's PerspectiveMay 26, 2026 · Watch FY2025
90 DR Horton Inc DHI · US $40B
81/100 Elite
18.9%low 13.0% 10 yr+ 0.1× 25% D.R. Horton Deep-Dive Value Investing ResearchMay 27, 2026 · Watch FY2025
91 EMCOR Group Inc EME · US $35B
81/100 Elite
19.6%low 6.5% 10 yr+ Net cash 16% EMCOR Group: A Value-Investing Deep DiveMay 27, 2026 · Watch FY2025
92 HP Inc HPQ · US $24B
81/100 Elite
56.9%low 46.4% 10 yr+ 20% HP Inc.: A Value-Investing Deep DiveMay 29, 2026 · Watch FY2025
93 McCormick & Company Incorporated MKC · US $14B
81/100 Elite
18.9%low 12.3% 10 yr+ 0.7× 39% McCormick Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 30, 2026 · Watch FY2025
94 Lowe's Companies Inc LOW · US $117B
80/100 Elite
35.9%low 21.1% 10 yr+ 31% Lowe's: A Long-Term Owner's PerspectiveMay 25, 2026 · Watch FY2026
95 Illinois Tool Works Inc ITW · US $83B
80/100 Elite
56.5%low 36.8% 10 yr+ 2.5× 42% Illinois Tool Works: A Value Investing Deep DiveMay 26, 2026 · Watch FY2025
96 Best Buy Co. Inc BBY · US $19B
80/100 Elite
40.2%low 26.1% 10 yr+ 0.8× 23% Best Buy: An Investment Analysis Through the Lens of a Long-Term Business OwnerMay 23, 2026 · Watch FY2026
97 Lennox International Inc LII · US $14B
80/100 Elite
48.2%low 31.7% 10 yr+ 1.7× 30% Lennox International Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 30, 2026 · Watch FY2025
98 The Coca-Cola Company KO · US $377B
79/100 Strong
36.8%low 7.3% 10 yr+ 1.0× 61% Coca-Cola Deep Value Investment ResearchMay 25, 2026 · Watch FY2025
99 Sherwin-Williams Co SHW · US $83B
79/100 Strong
52.8%low 29.7% 10 yr+ 2.8× 46% The Sherwin-Williams Company: A Long-Term Owner's PerspectiveMay 26, 2026 · Watch FY2025
100 Transdigm Group Incorporated TDG · US $70B
79/100 Strong
18.7%low 14.4% 10 yr+ 55% TransDigm Group: A Deep Value Investing StudyMay 26, 2026 · Watch FY2025

Data and methodology: the six dimensions quantify Berkshire's published acquisition criteria and Buffett's shareholder letters (1981/1987/1991/2007 among others). Qualitative tests in the originals (e.g. "simple, understandable business", "management in place") are out of scope, and price ("available at a fair price") is covered by each report's valuation range instead. Financials come from company annual reports (via EODHD); ratios are computed in reporting currency, the USD gate via static FX. "‡" marks companies whose equity is persistently negative or tiny (ROE falls back to ROCE); "†" marks missing gross profit (operating margin used). Investment trusts and closed-end funds are excluded on two tests — name and financial shape (operating margins beyond what an operating company can achieve); REITs and operating asset managers are unaffected. This is a quantitative first pass, not investment advice. When citing this data, please credit Zen Horizon (zh.app). See our methodology for the scoring process.